The bill marks the culmination of two years of negotiations, recently bolstered by a consensus between lawmakers and the White House. Senator Richard Blumenthal, who co-led the effort alongside Graham, described the late senator as ecstatic following a final conversation with President Donald Trump regarding the package. Senate leadership, including Chuck Schumer and John Thune, are pushing for an expedited floor vote to honor Graham’s legacy, with momentum building toward a swift passage.

Targeting Energy Revenue

The revised proposal scales back earlier, more aggressive tariff plans, shifting focus toward a 100 percent levy on the top five purchasers of Russian oil and gas, which include China and India. Unlike previous versions, the bill removes conditions tied to peace negotiations, opting instead for mandatory penalties against Russian leadership, financial institutions, and the state-run energy sector. While the White House retains limited waiver authority, the bill includes new oversight requirements that force the administration to justify any exemptions to Congress.

Despite the Senate’s optimism, the legislation faces resistance in the House. Representative Gregory Meeks cautioned that the bill grants the executive branch broad tariff powers that could inadvertently impact U.S. allies. Supporters, however, maintain that the focus on energy exports is the most effective lever available to weaken Russia’s military capacity. With broad bipartisan backing, proponents believe the measure has the necessary support to move forward, viewing it as a critical shift in the international response to the war in Ukraine.