Researchers at Cincinnati Children’s utilized a multi-model approach to test how specific immune-modulating drugs perform alongside antibiotics. By combining mouse models with human brain organoids and patient-derived immune cells, the team demonstrated that these therapies calm harmful immune responses without compromising the body’s ability to fight off tuberculosis bacteria. In the study published in Nature Communications, the team identified several approved drugs that successfully reduced microglia activation and neuroinflammation across all test systems.

Dr. Sanjay Jain, lead author and director of Infectious Diseases at Cincinnati Children’s, noted that targeting these specific immune pathways offers a promising alternative to the broad, inconsistent effects of traditional corticosteroids. Because the drugs identified are already FDA-approved or in late-stage development, the findings provide a clear path toward initiating clinical trials to improve long-term neurological survival rates. This coordinated research model also establishes a framework for studying other complex inflammatory diseases, potentially accelerating the translation of laboratory discoveries into human clinical applications.