European markets traded in a narrow range, with the Stoxx Europe 600 edging up 0.3%. Sector performance remained fragmented: 3i Group jumped 9.2% and Infineon Technologies added 6%, while Fresenius Medical Care retreated 4.6%. The FTSE 100 and France’s CAC 40 remained flat, contrasting with a slight 0.3% gain for Germany's DAX.

Debt markets signaled rising pressure as the 10-year U.S. Treasury yield climbed 3 basis points to 4.418%. German 10-year Bund yields tracked this move, rising 1 basis point to 2.877%. In the energy sector, Brent crude slipped 0.8% to $73.26 a barrel, and WTI crude fell 0.6% to $69.95. Conversely, the Dutch TTF natural gas benchmark saw a marginal rise to 40.98 euros per megawatt hour.