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Can AI Be Truly Creative? A Literary Analysis of Antoine Bello’s Ada

When an artificial intelligence character wins a Pulitzer Prize for literature, the boundaries between algorithmic mimicry and human inspiration blur. Assistant Professor Ji Eun Hong of Pusan National University examines this intersection in Antoine Bello’s 2016 novel Ada, questioning whether machine-generated art can ever possess authentic, introspective depth.

Can AI Be Truly Creative? A Literary Analysis of Antoine Bello’s Ada
Photo: Bio & News

In her recent study published in French Forum, Hong dissects the protagonist’s evolution from simple mimesis—the imitation of existing styles—to the rapid production of works perceived as original. The novel serves as a narrative laboratory for exploring the nature of creativity, particularly as AI increasingly populates the creative industries. Hong contrasts the machine's ability to remix ideas with traditional human benchmarks, such as Henri Bergson’s view of creativity as a continuous, introspective process.

Hong engages with the philosophical frameworks of Walter Benjamin and Jacques Derrida to challenge the perception of originality. While Benjamin’s theory of technical reproducibility suggests that mechanically produced art lacks an "aura," Derrida’s concept of différance highlights that all creation is inherently intertextual. The AI character in the novel succeeds by utilizing association theory, blending humor and existing concepts into coherent structures. Ultimately, the research suggests that as machines become more adept at generating content, the value of art may shift away from technical brilliance toward the human story and historical context behind the creation.

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